Dense tropical garden with exotic foliage
USDA Zone 13

Zone 13 Planting Guide

Tropical Hot — Hawaii (lowest elevations), Guam, American Samoa

Min Winter Temp
60 to 70 °F / 16 to 21 °C
Last Spring Frost
None
First Fall Frost
None
Growing Season
Year-round (365 days)
Annual Rainfall
40–200 in

Climate overview

Zone 13 is a true tropical paradise for plant growers. No temperature constraint exists — any tropical plant on earth can survive outdoors here. The rhythms of gardening are defined by monsoon patterns, hurricane seasons, and the position of the sun. Hawaii's lowest-elevation coastal areas are warm and sunny year-round with light sea breezes. Guam and the Pacific Islands have a wet season from July–December and a drier season from January–June. American Samoa is wet year-round. In these climates, gardeners focus on soil building, water management, and choosing the most productive and culturally important crops — from breadfruit and taro to vanilla orchids and cacao.

States & regions

  • Hawaii (lowest coastal elevations)
  • Guam
  • American Samoa
  • Northern Mariana Islands
  • US Pacific Territories

Example cities

  • Agana (Hagåtña), Guam
  • Pago Pago, American Samoa
  • Saipan, CNMI
  • South Kona, HI
  • Kalapana, HI

Soil notes

Volcanic and coral-derived soils. Young lava flows are extremely infertile; older volcanic soils are deeply rich. Coral-derived soils on Pacific islands are alkaline and require acidification for many crops.

Temperature range
60 to 70 °F / 16 to 21 °C
Growing season
Year-round (365 days)
Annual rainfall
40200 inches

Challenges

  • Typhoon and hurricane risk
  • Extremely high year-round pest pressure
  • Very high rainfall can waterlog crops
  • Coral and young volcanic soils have poor fertility

Advantages

  • Zero temperature constraints — any tropical plant can grow
  • Can grow vanilla, cacao, coffee, and rare tropical crops
  • Year-round growing with no seasonality driven by cold
  • Some of the most biodiverse growing environments on Earth

Gardening strategies for Zone 13

  • 1

    Build soil fertility aggressively — compost, biochar, organic matter

  • 2

    Grow traditional Pacific staples: breadfruit, taro, coconut, banana

  • 3

    Use agroforestry approaches — integrate fruit trees with ground crops

  • 4

    Install proper drainage to handle intense rainfall events

  • 5

    Grow cacao, coffee, and vanilla for high-value specialty crops

Monthly planting calendar

What to sow, transplant, and harvest each month in Zone 13.

Browse by sun exposure

Find the best plants for your specific spot in Zone 13.

Browse by plant category

Targeted guides for vegetables, herbs, fruits, and flowers in Zone 13.

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